Air-compressor.



H. J. HORSTMANN AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED B11014, 1907.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

INVENTOR Hey JHUYBTII BI I 3 M MMA ATTORNEYS w 1 I. kw m 4 Ulllllllllll III WITNESSES:

H. J. HORSTMANN.

AIR COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED $0170.14, 1907.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

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AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 14 1907.

9011,3 14, Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

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/\ZV/ITNE%ESI H INVENTORZ 7. W 7 Help: Tl. BTST a M 4mm Y U\ 1% ATTORNEYS H. J. HORSTMANN.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 14, 1907.

901 ,344, Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

7 SHEBTS-SHEET 4.

WITNESSES: i INVENTOR; fi% 2 He I J -HUIETII BI 1 I O WQ. BY

ATTORNEYS H. J'. HORSTMANN.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.14, 1907.

Patenteolfict. 20; 1908.

'! SHEETSSHEBT 5.

QQEBQQu INVENTOR ATTORNEYS HERE J- HUI'EIIWE I\I\ H. J. HORSTMANN.

AIR COMPRESSOR.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 14, 1907-.

Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

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H. J. HORSTMANN.

.AIR COMPRESSOR.

- APPLICATION FILED DEC. 14, 1907. 901 ,344. Patented Oct. 20, 1908.

7 SHBETS'SHEET 7 I A HEW Al WITNESSES:

I HEI lHnrsTmaqq, BY

ATTORNEYS HENRY J. HORSTMANN, OF FORT WAYNE, INDIANA.

AIR-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

,Patented Oct; 20, 1908.,

Application filed December 14, 1907. Serial No. $06,468.

To all whom it may concern:

-"Be it known that I, Hm BY J. HoRsTMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Wayne, in the county of Allen and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Compressors; and -I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others ski'lledin the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

The present invention relates, generally, to improvements in air-compressors; and, the invention relates, more particularly, to a novel construction of air-compressor which may also be used as an exhauster, and which involves the use of the principle of centrifugal force in the operation of compressing or exhausting air, and whereby an apparatus or engine of high efficiency 'is the result which can be operated at a very low or minimum power expenditure.

The presentinvention has for its principal object to provide a novel construction of aircompressor or exhauster having few parts, and these of simple construction, thus pro viding a very simple but efiicient compressor exhauster of the character hereinafter .moreparticularly set forth; and, furthermore, to provide an air-compressor comprising a pluraiity of cylinders, each of said plurality of cylinders mounted and operated, in such a manner so that each cylinder will be caused to revolve about an axis extending laterally across the cylinder and midway between its ends; and, furthermore, the axis of each of said cylinders being caused to revolve about a common and centrally fixed point. In this manner, I have produced an air-compressor or exhauster in which each cylinder revolves about its axis, and the axis of each cylinder in turn, revolves about a centrally fixed point, thereby producing sufficient centrifugal force which operates to cause the pistons, slidably arranged in the several cylinders, to slide back and forth from end to end of the cylinder, to compress the air in said cylinders, and finally driving the same to a common outlet with which the compressor is provided, and from which the air can be conducted to a storage tank or reservoir, or otherwise utilized. Furthermore, by means of the momentum which the revolving cylinders gain in their operation, as abovede and parts, as well as in thedetails of the constructions of the same, all of which will be more fully described in the following specification, and then finally embodied in the clauses of the claims which. are appended. to and which form an essential part of this specification.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan View of oneforin of air-compressor or exhauster embodying the principles of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an end elevation. of the same, looking in the direction of'the arrow 00, and Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the compressor, lookin in the direction ofthe arrow y. Fig. 4 1s a side-elevation of the device or apparatus;

and Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same, said section being taken on line 5-5 in said Fig. 1, and looking in the direction of the arrow a. Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal section of one of the cylinders of the air compressor or exhauster illustrated on an enlarged scale. tail vertical section of a portion of one of the ends of said cylinder, said section being taken on line 77 in said Fig. 6, and looking in the direction of the arrow a; Fi 8 is a detail horizontal section of one end of said cylinder, said section being taken on line 88 in said Fig. 6; and Fig. 9 is another detail cross-section of the same, taken on line 9-9 in saidFig. 6. Fig. 10 isa detail cross-section of a portion of the main shaft, taken on line 10-10 in said Fig. 1, and illustrating the connection of the air-conduits or pipes therewith; and Fig. 11 is a longitudinal vertical section of the outlet end of said .main shaft, said section being made on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 7 is a de-- boxes or bearings 6 which are provided with.

oppositely and outwardly extending flanges 7. Said journal-boxes or bearings 6 are further provided with journal-box caps 8 also formed with oppositely and outwardly extending flanges 9, which correspond to and rest upon the flanges 7 of the journal-boxes 6, and are secured in place thereon by means of bolts 10 which are tapped into said flanges 7 and 9, in the usual and well-known manner.

Rigidly secured in one of said journalboxes 6 is a hollow hub-member 11 of a gear-' wheel 12, clamped in the said journal box 6 by means of the journal-box-cap 8 and the drawings.

bolts 10 in such a manner, so that the said gear-wheel 12 is held stationary with relation to the standard 3 and is prevented from turning. A main shaft 13 passes through the hollow hub member 11 of the stationary gear 12, being journaled therein, and another portion of the said main-shaft 13 being journaled in the remaining journalbox or bearing 6 of the opposite standard 3,as will be clearly evident from an inspection of the Mounted upon one'end of the said main shaft 13 is a driving'pulley 14:, secured thereto by means of the set-screw 15, or fixed thereon in any other suitable manner, and adjacent to said driving-pulley, is a loose pulley 16 which is retained in its proper place upon the main shaft 13 by means of a collar 17, fixed to said shaft by means of the set-screw 18,01 in any other suitable manner.

Rigidly secured in a proper position upon said main-shaft 13, between the said pair of standards 3,'and adapted to turn or revolve with said main-shaft are a pair of spiders, each comprising a hubanember 19, secured to said main-shaft 13 by means of a setscrew 20, or in any other suitable manner. Said hub-members are provided with a plurality of radial arms 21, said radial-arms 21 being further provided with strengthening ribs 22. Each of said radial-arms is also provided upon its outer or free-end with a suitable journal-box or bearing 23, preferably forming an integral part'of said radialarm 2-1, each journal-box or hearing 23 being provided with oppositely and outwardly extending flanges 24. The'said journal-boxes or bearings 23 are further provided with journal-box caps 25, also formed with oppositely and outwardly extending flanges 26, which correspond to and coinciderwith the flanges 2 Lv of the journal-boxes or bearings 23, and are secured thereto by means of the bolts 27 which are tapped into said flanges 24 and 26.

The reference-character 28 indicates a cylinder-casting, the same being provided with oppositely extending hubs 29, preferably situated midway between the ends of said cylinder-casting 28, and forming an integral part thereof. Extending outwardly from each of said hubs 29, and integrally formed therewith, are journals or trunnions 30 and 31, said journals being mounted in the journal-boxes or bearings 23 formed upon the ends of the radial-arms 21 of the previously mentioned spiders. It will be clearly understood, that, although only three cylindercastings 28 are represented in the drawings accompanying this specification, a fewer or greater number of such castings 28 may be used,.as may be desired, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the form of the cylinder-castings may be compounded, so as to provide more than one cylinder-chamber, if it is so desired. Secured upon the free end of each journal 30 of the several cylinder-castings 28, by means of the keys 32, or any other suitable means, are gear-wheels 33, the teeth 'of which intermesh or operatively engage vwith the teeth of the stationary gear-wheel 12, hereinabove mentioned. Each of the said cylinder-castings 28 are provided with a chamber 34, extending longitudinally from end to end of the "said cylinder-casting. Slidably arranged in said cylinder-chamber 34- is a piston-35, which is provided at eachend with a plurality of friction-rings 36. Each end of said cylinder-chamber 3 1, is closed by means of a cylinder-head 37 the same being secured in place by means of tapbolts or screws 38.

Upon the inner side of each cylinder-head 37 is a circular flange or rib 39, the peripheral surface of which coincides in diameter with the diameter of the cylinder-chamber '34, and is adapted to penetrate or fit therein,

air-passage.

register normally against the inner side of said cylinder-head 37, to close a plurality of holes or openings 44, which form suitable air-intakes or passages, as will be clearly understood.

A disk or washer 45 is secured upon the free end of the valve-stem 4'1, and is retained in its proper position by means of a pin 46, or any at er suitable means, and a suitably formed compressionspring 47 is arranged upon said valve-stem 41,, between the said d-lSk or was-her 45 and the upper or outer surface of the cylinder-head 37 for the purpose of normally retainin the valve-disk 43 in its closing relation with the said holes or openings 44, substantially as illustrated. As will be readily understood, the piston 35, whenpassing in a direction away from the cylinder-head 37, causes a vacuum in the cylinder-chamber 34, and the pressure of the outside atmosphere, coupled with the suction of the moving piston 35, causes the valvedisk 43 to move away from its closing relation with theint-ake holes or openings 44, thereby allowing the air to rush into the cylinder r chamber 34, through said holes or openings 44, and fill the space behind t-he' retreating piston 35.

Each cylinder-casting 28 is provided upon one side with a longitudinally extending rib or extension 48, terminating at each end of the cylinder-casting 28 in a rectangular-casting 49, the said rib or extension 48 and the rectangular casting 49, being preferably formed integrally with the cylinder-castin 28. Each rectangular-casting 49 is provide with an inwardly extending cylindrical socket 50, the several cylindrical sockets 50' being connected by an air-duct or passage 51, which extends lon itudinally through the rib ach cylindrical socket .50 is also in communication with the cylinderchamber 34 by means of a hole or opening 52, forming an air-duct or passage, as will be clearly evident.

Arranged in each cylindrical socket 50 is an air-outlet valve, through which the air which is compressed in the cylinder-chan'iber 34 is driven and forcedinto the air-duct or passage51. prises a shell 53 providing a valve-chamber '54, the upper end of said shell 53 being provided with a hole or opening forming an The said shell 53 is provided at its bottom end with internal screw-threads 56, and a screw-threaded plug or closure 57 is connected therewith. This screw-threaded plug or closure 57 is provided with a centrally disposed and outwardly extending portion 58, and the said plug or closure 57 i with this portion 58, is provided with a hole or opening 59., in which is slidably arranged a valve-stem 60,, which extends into the valvechamber 54, and terminates in a valve-disk 61, adapted to normally close the hole or This said air-outlet valve coniopening 55 in the shell 53. coiled or compression spring 62 is arranged upon said valve-stein 60, between the inner surface of the plug or closure 57 and the valve-disk 61, for the purpose'of automatically retaining the valve-disk 61 in its normally closing position, as above described. The plug or closure 57 is furthermore provided with a plurality of holes or openings 63, which serve as air-passages leading from thevalve-chamber 54 into the said air-duct or passage 51. The cylindrical socket 50 is provided at its outer end with internalscrew-threads 64, a screw-threaded plug or closure 65 engaging with said screw-threads 64, for the purpose of closing the said cylindrical sockets 50, and also for the pur se of retaining-the said air-outlet valve in place. The upper surface of this said plug or closure 65 is provided with spanner-wrench holes 66, and a groove 67 extends around its periphery, in such position, so that when the said plug or closure 65 is screwed down in its proper place, this said groove 67 is brought opposite the hole or opening 52, which leads from the cylinder chamber 34. Extending inwardly from this groove 67 are holes or openin s 68, which terminate near the center of the plug or closure 65, another hole or opening 59 being arranged in the bottom of the said plug or closure 65 which connects or joins with the above-mentioned holes or openings 68, this said hole or opening 69 being adapted .to register above and coincide with theholies ,or openings v55 of the shell 53, all of these above described holes or openings 52, 68, 69, and 55 forming an air-passage, conecting the cylinder-chamber 34 with the valve-chamber .54.

The journal 31 of each cylinderrcasting 28 is provided with an opening or passage 70, leading from ,the air-duct or passage 51 ordinarily to the free end of said journal 31. The said opening or passage 70 is provided, at the free end of said journal 31, with an internal screw-thread 71, a screw-threaded bushing 72 which is provided with a shoulde'r 73 being adapted to abut against the end of said journal 31, when screwed into said journal'31. Arranged so as to swivel in said bushing 72 is a nipple 74-which is provided upon its inner end with a shoulder 75, adapted to abut against the inner end of said bushing 72, and prevent the said nipple 74 from being drawn outwardly or away from its swiveling connection with said bushing 72. friction ring 76 is arranged between the shoulder of the nipple 74, and the inner end of the bushing 72. The free end of theni-pple 74 is provided with a screw-thread 77, and an elbow-joint 78 is connected therewith. A .coiled .or compression spring 79 is arranged upon said nipple 74, between the flange of said elbow-joint 78 and the shoulder 73 of the bushing 72, for

the purpose of retaining the nipple 74'and its shoulder 75 in their proper engagement with the inner end of the bushing 72, to provide an air-tight joint which is capable, however, of a swiveling action. Secured to the free end of the elbow-joint 78, by means of a union 80, or in any other suitable manner, is

a pipe or hose-connection 81, the same being preferably of the metal-hose type, but it may be of any other suitable construction and material. e

The free end of the main shaft 13 is provided with an inwardly extending cylindrical opening or passage 82, a plurality of screw-threaded holes or openings 83 extend- I ing outwardly from the said opening or passage 82, to the outer surface of the saidbeing connected by means of a union 86 to one of the hose-connections 81 leading from the journals ,31 of the cylinder-castings 28. The outer end of the opening or passage 82 is provided, at the free end of said mainshaft 13, with an internal screw-thread 87, a screw-threaded bushing 88, provided with a shoulder 89, and adapted to abut against the end of said main-shaft 13, being screwed into said main-shaft 13. Arranged, so as to swivel insaid bushing 88, is a nipple 90, provided upon its inner end with a shoulder 91, which is adapted to abut against the inner end of said bushin 88, and prevent the said nipple 90 from eing drawn outwardly, or away, from its swiveling connection with said bushing 88. A friction ring 92 is arranged between the shoulder 91 of said nipple 90 and the inner end of said bushing 88. The free end of said nipple 90 is provided with a screw-thread 93, and a union 94 is connected therewith. A coiled or compression spring 95 is arranged upon said nipple 90, between the flange of said union 94 and the shoulder 89 of the bushing 88, for the purpose of retaining the nipple 90 and its shoulder 91 in its proper engagement with the inner end of'the said bushing 88, to provide an air-tight'joint, which is capable, however, of a swiveling action. An elbow joint 96 is connected to the said union 94," by means of ascrew-th'readed nipple 97, and this elbow joint 96 has connected therewith a pipe or hose-connection 98, designed to conduct the air driven therethrough to a storage tank or reservoir, or to conduct the air to such other point where any other disposals, as may be desired, may be made of'it.

Having thus described the general construction and arrangement of the devices and parts of the novel air compressor embodying the principles of the present invention, it remains to describe this operation thereof, when utilized to compress or exhaust air. The main-shaft 13 is caused to revolve or turn by means of the driving pulley 14 which isoperativelyconnected with a priinemover. The spiders, u on the free ends, of which are mounted in e'arings or journaL boxes," the cylinders, being rigidly'securedb upon the main-shaft 1 3,thus turn therewith. The gearswheels 33 secured upon thejOur nals '30 of the cylinder-castings 28, being in mesh with the stationary and centrally disposed gear-wheel 12, are caused to travel around said gear-wheel 12, by the movement ofthe main-shaft 13, and the spiders connected therewith. In traveling around said gear-wheel 12, the said gear-wheels 33 are caused to revolve, and in turn cause the cylinder-castings 28 to revolve on an axis, m1d'- way between its ends, all of cylinder-castings 28 at the same time'being caused to travel in a circuit concentric with the main-shaft 90 13. The revolutions of the cylinder castings 28 may be, compared with the movement of the earth around the sun, in the manner ofia sun and planet movement, which, while traveling' in its orbit, still has' an independent revolving movement upon its own axis. By

means of the revolving movements of the cylinder-castings 28, about the main-shaft 13, as above described, the centrifugal force produced, causes each piston 35, slidably ar- 100 ranged inthe cylinder-chambers 34, to slide back and forth in its respective cylinderchamber. Owing to the eculiar independ ent revolution of the cylinder-castin'gs28, the movement of each piston 35 is always in" 10 an outward direction from the axis of the main-shaft 13, for'as the piston35 flies outwardly to the outer end of. the; cylinder chamber 34 with relationto the main-shaft 13, that end, owing to this independent-revolution of the cyl1nder-casting28, upon its own axis, is turned until it becomes the inner part of said cylinder-chamber 3.4, with relation to the main-shaft 13, whereupon the piston 35 is caused to fly outwardly again to the opposite end ofthacylinder-chamber 34, which, in turn, has changed its position from that of the inner end of the cylinderchamber 34, to that' of the outer 'end of the same, with relation to the main-shaft .13. .120 The piston 35 in its movements from end to end of the cylinder-chamber 34, allows the' 3 air to enter the said cylinder-chamber through the air-intake valvebehind the piston,

as it moves away fromone end thereof,to the other end of the cylinder, as will be evident. At the'same time, .thesaid piston 35 compresses the air in front of it, and drives the same from the cylinder-chamber 34 through the air-outlet valve into the air-duct or passage 51, thence through the opening or passage 70 in the journal 31; thence through the pipes or 'hoseconnections 81, and fittings, into the opening or passage 82 of the mainshaft 13, thence through the pipe or hoseconnection 98, and it's fittings; and, then to be disposed of as it may be desired, all of which will be clearly understood from an inspection of 'the'accompanying drawings and t ejdetailcd description of the parts therein illustrated and as described in the foregoing specification.

It will thus be readily understood, that, an air-compressor or exhauster of novel construction, and operating upon a new principle, is provided by the present invention;

a this said air-compressor being very economical in operation, and possessing'a very high efliciency in carrying out its work; and, fur thermore, an air-compressor is the result which commends itself by reason of the simplicity ofits construction. I

I am aware that changes may-be made in the various arrangements and combinations of the devices and parts, as well as in the details of the construction of the same without departing 'from the scope of this invention, as defined 'inthe claims which are appended to this "specification;

Hence, I do not limit my present invention to the exact arrangements and combinations of the de- Vices and parts as described in the foregoing specification, nor do I confine myself to the exact details :of the construction of any of i the said parts, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

cla1m: v 1. An air-compressor comprising amain shaft,,and a plurality of cylinders revolving with said shaft, and each cylinder having a revolving action on an axis extending laterally across the cylinder between theends thereof, and independent of the revolvin action about said shaft, substantially as an for the purposes set forth.

2. An air-compressor comprisinga main shaft, and a plurality of cylinders revolving with said shaft, and each cylinder having a revolving action on an axis extending laterally across the cylinder between the ends thereof, and independent of the revolving action about said shaft, and a reciprocatory p1st0n in each cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. v

3. An air-compressor comprising a mam shaft, and a plurality of cylinders revolving:

with said shaft, and each cylinder having a revolving action on an axis extending laterally across the cyllnder between the ends thereof, and independent of the revolving action about said shaft, and a rcciprocatory piston in each cylinder, and means connected with each cylinder for conveyin the compressed air from said cylinders, su stantially as and for the purposes forth.

4.11m air-compressor comprising a main shaft, and a plurality of cylinders revolving with said shaft, and each cylinder having a 'ally' across the cylinder between the ends thereof, and inde ndent of the revolvin action about sai shaft, said main sha being provided with a tubular air-receiving portion, and means connected with each cylinder for conveying the compressed air from each cylinder into the air-receiving portion of the main shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. I

? 5. An air-compressor comprising a main shaft, and a plurality of cylinders revolving with said shaft, and each cylinder having a revolving action on an axis extending laterthereof, and independent of the revolving action about said shaft, and a reciprocatory piston in each 0 linder, said main shaft being provided wlth a tubular air-receiving rt1on, and means connectedwith each cyl inder for conveying the compressedair from each cylinder into the air-receiving portion of themain shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. An air-compressor comprising'a main shaft, frames mounted upon and revolving with said shaft, said frames being provided with journal-bearings, a plurality of cylindersprovided with journals mounted in said bearings, each cylinder having a revolving action on an axis extending laterally across the cylinder between the ends thereof, and inde ndent of the revolving actions of said she t and frames, and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

shaft, frames mounted upon and revolving with said shaft, said frames being provided with journal-bearings, a lurality of cylinders provided with journa s mounted in'said bearings, each cylinder having a revolving the cylinder between the ends thereof, and independent of the revolving actions of said shaft and frames, a reciprocatory piston in each cylinder, and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder, substantially set forth.

shaft, frames mounted upon and revolvin with said shaft, said frames being provid with journal-bearings, a plurality of cylinbearings, each cylinde'rhaving a revolving action'on an axis extending laterally across the cylinder between the ends thereof, and independent of the revolving actions of said shaft and frames, said main shaft being pr vided with a tubular air-receiving portion,

7. An air-compressor comprising a mainaction on an axis extending laterally across- 8. An air-compressor comprising a main revolving action on anaxis extending later- I ally across the cylinder between the endsas and for the purposes ders provided with ournals mounted in said and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder into. the airreceiving portion of the main shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

9. An air-compressor comprising a main shaft, frames mounted upon and revolving with said shaft, said frames being provided with journal-bearings, a plurality of cylin-.

stantially as and for the purposes set forth.

10. In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, of a plurality of cylinder-castings mounted upon said main-shaft so as to revolve therewith, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylindercastings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylindercastings, and means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-castings to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

11. In an air-compressor, the combination with-a main-shaft, of a air of spiders, provided with a plurality o radial arms secured upon said main-shaft, journal-boxes upon the free ends of said radial-arms, a plurality of cylinder-castings mounted in said journal-boxes, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylinder-castings upon an axis extending laterally'across and between the ends of said cylinder-castings, and means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-castings to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. j

12. In an air-compressor, the combination with a base or foundation-member, of a'pair of standards secured thereto, bearings or journal-boxes connected with said standards, a main-shaft mounted in said hearings or journal-boxes, a plurality of cylinder-castings mounted upon said main-shaft so as to revolve therewith, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylinder-castings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of saidcylinder-castings, and means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder castings to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

13. In an air-compressor, thecombination with a base or foundation-member, of a pa r of standards secured thereto, bearin s or ournal-boxes connected with said stan ards,

a. main-shaft mounted in said bearings or journal-boxes, a pair of spiders, provided with a plurality of radial arms secured u on said main-shaft, journal-boxes upon the free ends of said radial-arms, a plurality of cylinder-castings mounted in said journalboxes, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylinder-castings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylinder-ca'stingSyand means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-castings to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

14. In an air-compressor, the combination with a base member, of a pair of standards secured thereto, journal-boxes on said stand ards, a stationary gear wheel having a hollow-hub clamped in one of said vjournalboxes, a main-shaft mounted or journaled in the hollow-hub of said stationary gear-wheel and the remaining journal-box, means for driving main-shaft, a plurality of cylindercastings mounted upon said main-shaft so as to revolve therewlth, means for causing an independent revolution ,ofsaid cylinder-- castings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylinder castings, and means forconducting the air compressed in said cylinder-castings to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

15. In an air-compressor, the combination with a base member, of a pair of standards secured thereto, journal-boxes on said standends of said cylinder-castings, said journals bein adapted to be journaled in said journal boxes of. said radial arms, gear-wheels secured to one of the journals of each cylinder-casting, said gear-wheels being adapted to mesh with sald stationary gear-wheel and revolve around the same to cause 'an lndependent revolution of said cylinder castings on the axis of their journals, and means .for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-castings to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantiallylasand for the purposes set forth,

16. In an air-compressor, the combination with a base-member, of a pair, of standards secured thereto, journal-boxes onxsaid standards, a. stationary gear-wheel having a-hollow-hub clam ed in one of said ournalboxes, a main s aft mounted or journaled in the hollow-hub of saidstationary gearwheel and the remaining journahbox, means for driving main shaft, a pair of spiders, provided with a lurality of radial-arms S64 cured u on said main s'haft, journal-boxes on the free-ends of said radial-arms, a plus rality of c' finder-castings journals extendmg lateral y from and located between the ends of s'aid cylinder-castings, said journals bein adapted to bejournaled in said jourml cries of saidradial arms, gear-wheels secured to one of the journals of each cy'lintier-casting, said gear-wheels being adapted to mesh-with said stationary gear-wheel and revolve around the saline to cause an independentrevcluti'on of saiducylinder castings on the axis of their journ'als, each cylindercasting being provided with a chamber, a piston slidably arranged in each cylinder chamber, and means, connected with each cylinder-chamber for conducting the air compressed therein to'a common outlet from the airconipressor, substantially as and for the purposes setcforth.

' 17. In an air compressor, the combination with a base-member, of a pair of standards secured thereto, journal-boxes on said standside, a stationary gear-wheel having a hol lcw=hub clam ed in one of said journal home, a main-shaft mounted or journaled in the hollow-hub" of said stationary gearwheeland the remaining journal-box, ineans for driving said main shaft, a pair of castings on the axis of their journals, each cylinder casting being pI'OVldBd with a chamber, cylinder heads" adapted to close each end of said cylinder-chambers, a circiilar rib or flange on the inner side of each cylinder-headada ted tlrfit into the ends of said cylinder-chamber and constructed so as to provide afspace to formanair-c'ushion at each end'of said cylinder chamber, air intake valves in each cylinder head, a piston slidably arranged in each'cylinder-chamber, and

a means connected with each cylinder-chamber rot-conducting the air. compressed therein to a comm n outlet from the air-compressor,

substantially as and for the purposes set 18, In an air-compressor, the combination with a base-meniber, of a pair of standards secured thereto, ournal-boxes on said standlittle, a stationary gear-wheel having a hol- -lawman clamped' in one of said journalvsure t mam-shaft mounted or journaled in the "hollow e hub of said stationary gearwheel-and the remaining journal-box, means for driving main shaft, :1 pair ofspiders, provided with a plurality of radial-arms secured u on said main-shaft, journal-boxes on the ree ends of said radial-arms, a plu rality of cylinder-castings journals extend ing laterally from and located between the ends ofsaid cylinder-castings, said journals beingadaptedto bejournaled in said j our nal boxes of said, radial arms, gear-wheels secured to onejof the journals of each cy'l-' inde'r casting, said gear-wheels being adapted to mesh with said stationary gear-wheel and revolve around the same to cause an in dependent revolution of said cylinder-cast ings on the axis of their journals, each cylinder-casting being provided with a cham-' her, '0 linder-heads adapted to close each end of said cylinder chambers, a circular rib or flange on the inner side of each cylinder- "head-sidapted to fit into the end of said cylinder-cha1nber and constructed so as to pro- -vide a space to form an air cushion at each end of said cylinder-chamber, air intake val'ves in each cylinder head,,a piston slidably arranged in eachcylinder chamber, an air-outlet-valve at each end of said cylind rchamber, and means f'or conducting the air compressedin said cylinder chambers to a common outletfrorn the air compressor,- sub stantially as and for the purposes set forth.

, 19. In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, of a plurality of cylindercastings mounted uponsaid main shaft so as to revolve therewith, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylindercastings u on an axis extending laterally across and etween the ends of said cylindercastings,.each cylinder-casting being provided with a chamber, a piston slidably arranged in each cylinder-chamber, and means connected with each cylinder-chamber for conducting the air compressed therein to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

20. In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, of a plurality of cylindercastings mounted upon said main-shaft so as to revolve therewith, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylindercastings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylintier-castings, each cylinder-casting being provided with a chamber, cylinder-heads adapted to close each end of said cylinderchamb'e'rs, a'circular rib or'flange on the inner side of each cylinder-head, adapted to it into the ends of said cylinder-chamber and "constructed so as to provide a space to formv anair-cushion at each end of said cylinder chambers, air intake valves in each cylinderhead, and a piston slidably arranged in each cylinder-chamber, and means connected with each cylinder-chamber for conducting the air compressed therein to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

21. In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, of a plurality of cylindercastings mounted upon said main-shaft so as to revolve therewith, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylindercastings upon an axis extendlng laterally across and between the ends of said cylindercastings, each cylinder casting being provided with a chamber, cylinder heads adapted to close each end of said cylinderchambers, a circular rib or flange on the inner side of each cylinder-head, adapted to fit into the ends of said cylinder-chamber and constructed so as to provide a space to form an air-cushion at each end of said cylinder chambers, air-intake valves in each cylinderhead and a piston slidably arranged in each cylinder-chamber, an air-outlet valve at each end of said cylinder-chamber, and means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-chambers to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

22. In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, of a pair of spiders provided with a plurality of radial-arms, secured upon said main shaft, journal-boxes upon the free ends of said radial arms, a plurality of cylinder-castings mounted in said ournal-boxes, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylinder-castings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylinder-castings, each cylinder-casting being provided with a chamber, a piston slidably arranged in each cylinder-chamber, and means connected with each cylinder-chamber for conducting the air compressed therein to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

23. In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, ofa pair of spiders, provided with a plurality of radial-arms, .secured upon said main-shaft, journal-boxes upon the free-ends of said radial-arms, a

plurality of cylinder-castin s mounted insaid journal-boxes, means or causing an independent revolution of said cylindercastings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylindercastings, each cylinder casting being provided with a chamber, cylinder-heads adapted to,close each end of said cylinder-chambers, a circular rib or flange on the inner side of each cylinder-head, adapted to fit into the ends of the said cylinder-chambers, and constructed so as to provide aspaceto form an air-cushion at each end of said cylinderchambers, air-intake valves in each cylinderchamber, a piston slidably arranged in each cylinder-chamber, and means connected with each cylinder-chamber for conducting the air compressed therein to a common outlet from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

24: In an air-compressor, the combination with a main-shaft, of a pair of spiders provided with a plurality of radial-arms, secured upon said main-shaft, journal-boxes upon the free-ends of said radial-arms, a plurality of cylinder-castings mounted in said journal-boxes, means for causing an independent revolution of said cylindercastings upon an axis extending laterally across and between the ends of said cylindercastings, each cylinder-casting being provided with a chamber, cylinder-heads adapted to close each end of said cylinder-chambers, a circular rib or flange on the inner 'side of each cylinder-head, adapted to fit into the ends of the said cylinder-chambers, and constructed so as to provide a space to form an air-cushion at each end of said cylinder chambers, air-intake valves in each cylinderchamber, a piston slidably arranged. in each cylinder-chamber, an air-outlet valve at each end of said cylinder-chamber, and means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-chambers to a common outlet from the compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

25. In an air-compressor, the combination with a base-member, of a pair of standards secured thereto, journal-boxes on said standards, a stationary gear-wheel rovided with a hollow hub clamped in one 0 said journalboxes, a main-shaft provided at one end with a hollow-passage or opening, said shaft being journaled in the hollow-hub of said stationary gear-wheel and the remaining journal-box, fast and l'oose pulleys mounted on said main shaft to drive the same, a pair of spiders, provided with a plurality of radial- ,arms secured upon said main-shaft, journaL boxes on the free ends of said radial-arms, a

plurality of cylinder castings provided with cylinder-chambers and an air-outlet passage,

journals extending laterally from said cyllnder-castings and located between the ends of'said cylinder-castings, one of said journals being provided with a hollow-passage or opening at its free end, said journals being adapted to bejournaled in said journal boxes of said radial-arms, gear-wheels keyed to one of the. journals of each cylinder-casting, said gear-wheels being adapted to mesh with the stationary gear-wheel and revolve around the same to cause an independent revolution of each cylinder-casting on the axis of their journals, cylinder-heads provided with a plurality of air-passages, adapted to close each end of said cylinder-charm bers, a circularrib or flange on the inner side of each cylinder-head, adapted to fit into the ends of said cylinder chambers and constructed so as to provide a space to form an air-cushion at each end of said cylinder chambers, air-intake valves in each cylinderhead comprising valve-stems slidably arranged said cylinder-heads, valve disks upon the inner" ends of said valve-stems adapted to normally close the air-passages in said cylinder heads, disks or washers secured upon the outer ,ends of said valvestems, and a compression spring arran ed upon said valve stems between the cylin erheads and said disks or washers, pistons slidably arranged in said cylinder-chambers, an ,ainoutlet valve at each end of each cylinder-casting adapted to connect with the air outlet passage therein, means for connecting each air-outlet valve with the hollow passage or opening inthe journal .ofeach cylinder-casting, means for connecting the hollow [assage or opening in the journal of each cy inder-casting with the hollow pas- "sage or opening of the main-shaft, and means connected with the hollow passage or open ing of mainshaft to form an air-outlet from the" air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

26. In an air-compressor, the combination with a base-member, of a pair of standards secured thereto, journal-boxes on said standands, a stationary gear-Wheel rovided with a hollow hub clamped inone ,0, said journalhoxos, a. main-shaft provided at one end with a hollow-passage or opening, saidshaft iheing journaled in the hollow-hub of said stationary gear-wheel and the remaining journal-box, fast and loose pulleys mounted on saidmain shaft to .drive the same, a air of spiders, provided with a plurality-0 radial-arms, secured upon said main-shaft, journal-boxes on the free ends ofsaid radial-arms, a plurality of cylinder-castings provided with cylinder-chambers and an airsoutlet passage, journals extending lat orally from said cylinder-castings and lo- .cated between the ends vof saidcyllnder-castin-gs, .one of said journals being-provided with a hollow passage or opening at its free end, said journals being adapted to be journaled in said journal boxes of said radialarms, gear-Wheels keyed .to one of the journals of each cylindercasting, said gearwheels being adapted to mesh with the stationary gear-wheel and revolve-around the same to cause an independent revolution of each cylinder-casting on the axis of its jnurnals, cylinder-heads providedwith a pluralit of ail-passages, adapted to close eachoud oi sai-d cylinder-chambers, a circular rib or flange on the inner side of each cylinderhead, ado ted to fit into the ends 6! said cylinder 0 ambers and constructed so as to provide a space to form an air-eushiouat each end of said cylinder-chambers, air-1ntake valves in each cylinder-head, comprising valve-stems slidably arranged in saidcylinder-heads, valve-disks upon the inner ends of said valve-stems adapted'to norinally close the air-passages in said cylinder heads, disks or washers secured upon the outer ends of said valve-stems, and a compression spring arranged upon said valve stems between the cyllnder-heads and said disks or washers, pistons slidably arranged in said cylinder-chambers, a rectangularcasting provided with a socket at each end of said cylinder-castings, an air-outlet valve in each of said sockets adapted to connect with the air-outlet passages of said cylindercastings, a rib or extension provided with an air-passage or duct upon each cylindercasting, said air-passages or ducts being adapted to connect with said hollow passage or opening in the journal of each cylindercast ng, a hose-connection secured in the free end of said hollow-passage or opening in the journal of each cylinder-casting so as to swivel therein, the free ends of said hoseconnections being connected with the hollow-passage or opening in the main-shaft,

and a pipe or hose-connection received in the free end of said hollow-passage or open-' ing in the main-shaft, so as to swivel therein, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

27. In an air-compressor the combination with a pair of standards and a main-shaft, of a stationary gear-wheel, a pair of spiders provided with radial arms secured upon said main-shaft, a plurality of cylinder-' castings provided with cylinder-chambers,

journals extendin laterally from said cylim der-casting and tween the ends thereof, said journals being mounted in the free-ends of said radial-arms of said spiders, gearwheels secured upon certain of said jourmale of said cylinder-castings and adapted to mesh with said stationary gear-wheel,

pistons slidably arranged in said cylinderehambers of said cylinder-castings, air-intake and air-outlet valves connected at each end of said cylinder-chambers of said cylinder castings, and means for conducting the air compressed in said cylinder-chambers to a common OLltlBt from the air-compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

extendinfiateralhy from said cylinder-castcylinder-castings, air-intake and air-outlet,

ing with said air-ducts or passages, a bushing secured in the free ends of said journals provided with said hollow passage or openings, a nipple, arranged so as to swivel in each bushing and provided with a shoulder adapted to abut against the inner end of said bushing, an elbow-joint connected with the free end of each nipple, a compression spring arranged upon said nipple between said bushing and .said elbow-joint, a union connected with said elbow-joint, and 'a'hose connection secured to said union, unions on the free ends of said hose-connections,elbowjoints connected with said unions, the-free end of said main-shaft being provided with a hollow-passage or opening and said elbowjoints being connected therewith, and means for conducting the air from said hollowpassage or opening in said main-shaft to a common outlet from the compressor, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

29. An air-compressor comprising a mainshaft, a stationary gear-wheel, said gearwheel being formed with a tubular hubmember through which said shaft extends and revolves therein, a plurality of cylinders, and a gear-wheel connected with each cylinder and meshing with the "gear-wheel on said main shaft, all arranged so that said cylinders will revolve with. the shaft but each cylinder having a revolving action independent of said shaft, substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

30. An air-compressor comprising a vmainshaft; a stationary gear-wheel, said gearwheel being formed with a. tubular hubmember through which said shaft extends and revolves therein, a pluralit vof cylinders, and a gear wheel connec'tc with each cylinder and meshing with the gear-wheel on said main shaft, all arranged so that said cylinders will revolve {with the shaft but eachc linder having arevolving action in- 31. An air-compressor comprising a main- I depen ent of said'shaft, and areci 'rocatory iston in each cylinder, substantia y as and or the purposes set forth.

shaft, a stationary gear-wheel, said gearwheelbeing formed 'witha tubular chubmember through which. saidshaft'extends and revolves therein, a plurality of cylinders, and a ear-wheel connected with each cylinder an .meshinwith the gear-wheat on said main shaft, e1 arranged so that said cylinders will revolve Wit the shaft but each cylinder having a revolving action independent of said shaft, and means connected with each cylinder for conveying the compressed air from said cylinders, substantially as and forthe purposes set fort-h.

32. An air-compressor comprising a mainshaft, a stationary gearwheel, said gearwheel being formed with a tubular hubmember through which said shaft extends and revolves therein, a plurality of cylinders, and a gear-wheel'connected with each cylinder and meshingwith the gear-wheel on said main shaft, all arranged so that'said cylinders will revolve with the shaft but each cylinder having a revolving action independent of said shaft, and a reciprocatory piston in each cylinder, and means connected with each iylinder for conveying the compressed air as and for the purposes set forth.

33. An' air-compressor comprising a, main shaft, a stationary gear-wheel, said gearwheel being formed with a tubular hubrom said cylinders, substantially member through which said shaft extends and revolves therein, frames mounted upon and revolving with said shaft, said frames being provided with journal-bearings, a plurality of cylinders provided with journals I mounted in said bearings, one of the journals of each cylinder being hollow, a gear-wheel mounted upon the other journal of each cylinder, said gear-wheels meshing with the gear-wheel on the main shaft, all arranged so that said cylinders will revolve with the shaft but each cylinder havin a revolving actipn independent of said sha and means for conveying the compressed air from each hollow journal of each cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

34. An air-compressor comprising a main shaft, a stationary gear-wheel, said gearwheel being formed with a tubular .hub-

member through which said shaft .extends and revolves therein, frames mounted upon 7 ing with the gear-wheel on the main shaft, 1

all arran ed so that said cylinders will revolve wit the shaft but each cylinder having a revolving-action independent of said shaft, a reciprocatory piston in each cylinder, and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

35. An air:compressorcomprising a main shaft, a stationary gear-wheel, said gear-' wheel being formed with a tubular .hub-

member through which said shaft extends and revolves therein, frames mounted upon and revolving with said shaft, said frames being provided With journal-bearings, a plurality of cylinders provided with journals mounted in! said bearings, one of the journals of each cylinder being hollow, a gear-wheel mounted upon the other journal of each cylinder, said gear-wheels meshing with the gear-wheel on the main shaft, all arranged so that said cylinders will re volve with the shaft but each cylinder having a revolving action independent of said shaft, said main shaft being provided with a tubular air-receiving portion, and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder into the air-receiving portion of the main shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

36. An air-compressor comprising a main shaft, a stationary gear-wheel, said gearwheel being formed with a tubular hubmember through which said shaft extends and revolves therein, frames mounted upon and revolving with said shaft, said frames being provided with journal-bearings, a

plurality of cylinders provided with journals mounted in said bearings, one of the journals of each cylinder being hollow, a gear-wheel mounted upon the other journal of each cylinder, said gear-wheels meshing with the gear-wheel on the main shaft, all arranged so that said cylinders will revolve with the shaft but each cylinder having a revolving action independent of said shaft, a reciprocatory piston in each cylinder, and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder, said main shaft being provided with a tubular alr-receiving portion, and means for conveying the compressed air from a journal of each cylinder into the air-receiving portion of the main shaft, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day of December, 1907.

HENRY J. HORSTMANN.

Witnesses:

FREDK. C. FRAENTZEL, FRED W. HORSTMAN. 

